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R. Ohno, S. Takumi, N. Mori and C. Nakamura* (Lab Plant Genetics, Fac Agr, Kobe Univ: *nakamura@kobe-u.ac.jp)
Molecular cloning and characterization of cor and related gene/protein families in wheat

We have isolated several new cor (cold-responsive) members of wheat using a cDNA library constructed from a cold-acclimated Ukrainian winter-hardy common wheat cv. Mironovska 808. One novel clone wcor14 encodes a 14kDa acidic (pI=4.71) and hydrophilic protein which is specifically induced by low temperature. Wcor14 had a putative chloroplast transit peptide of 51 amino acids at the N-terminal end. We have also isolated four other cor- related, cDNA clones, designated as wdhn13, wrab19 and wrab17, and wIt10. Protein for WCOR14 and WDHN13 were purified for the production of antibodies.

W.Y. Yuan, M. Tomita*, Z.Y. Pei and Y. Yasumuro (Dept Agrobiol, Fac Agr, Tottori, Univ; *tomita@muses,.tottori-u.ac.jp)
Chromosomal localization of rRNA genes of Dasypyrum villosum by dual-color FISH and C-banding

Chromosomal locations of rRNA genes and a subtelomeric tandem repetitive sequence (383 bp), which is a homologue of p380 (De Pace et al. 1992), were analyzed by C-banding and sequential dual-color FISH in Dasypyrum villosum. The 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA loci probed with a wheat clone pTa71 were localized on 1VS and the 5S rDNA loci probed with a wheat clone pTa794 were visualized on 5VS, according to the C-banding pattern of Friebe et al. (1987). Homologues of the p380 family were localized on subtelomeric regions of both arms of Dasypyrum chromosomes except for 7V.

K. Kato and Y. Watanabe (Fac Agr, Okayama Univ)
Genetic differentiation in common wheat, revealed by the analysts of several complementary genes for worldwide collection of wheat landraces

Hybrid weakness, such as necrosis, grass clump dwarfhess and partial pollen sterility, is known to be controlled by complementary genes (Ne, D, Ki genes) in common wheat. The frequency of D2 proved to be ca. 30%-40% in areas from Turkey to western part of China. It was high in Europe (ca. 50%), and extremely low in eastern part of China and Japan (ca. 6%). Similar geographical variation was also observed for Ki genes. It was therefore suggested wheat spread to the Far East had been genetically differentiated from those in Central Asia and western areas.

K. Murai1* and Y. Ogihara2 (1Dept Biosci, Fukui Pref Univ, 2Kihara Inst Biol Res, Yokohama City Univ; *murai@fpu.ac.jp)
Genetic system of photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility in wheat

Triticum aestivum cv. Norin 26 (N26) with Aegilops crassa cytoplasm shows photoperiod- sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS); this alloplasmic line exhibits homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structure (pistillody) when grown under the long-day conditions (>15 h light). On the other hand, wheat cultivar, Chinese Spring (CS) has fertility-restoring gene, Rfd1, on the long arm of chromosome 7B, which prevents inducing pistillody caused by Ae. crassa cytoplasm. Alloplagmic lines of CS ditelosomic 7BS ((c)-CSdt7BS) lacking Rfd1 exhibits complete pistillody under any light conditions, whereas CSdt7BS with wheat cytoplasm has, normal stamens. These results indicate that Ae. crassa cytoplasm causes male sterility to wheat under any condition of photoperiod, and hypothetical suppressor gene which suppresses the action of Rfd1 gene under long-day conditions should be involved in PCMS induction in alloplasmic N26.

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