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R. Ohno, S. Takumi, N. Mori and C. Nakamura* (Lab Plant
Genetics, Fac Agr, Kobe Univ: *nakamura@kobe-u.ac.jp)
Molecular cloning and characterization of cor and related
gene/protein families in wheat
We have isolated several new cor (cold-responsive) members
of wheat using a cDNA library constructed from a cold-acclimated
Ukrainian winter-hardy common wheat cv. Mironovska 808. One novel
clone wcor14 encodes a 14kDa acidic (pI=4.71) and hydrophilic protein
which is specifically induced by low temperature. Wcor14 had a
putative chloroplast transit peptide of 51 amino acids at the
N-terminal end. We have also isolated four other cor- related, cDNA
clones, designated as wdhn13, wrab19 and wrab17, and wIt10. Protein
for WCOR14 and WDHN13 were purified for the production of
antibodies.
W.Y. Yuan, M. Tomita*, Z.Y. Pei and Y. Yasumuro (Dept
Agrobiol, Fac Agr, Tottori, Univ; *tomita@muses,.tottori-u.ac.jp)
Chromosomal localization of rRNA genes of Dasypyrum
villosum by dual-color FISH and C-banding
Chromosomal locations of rRNA genes and a subtelomeric tandem
repetitive sequence (383 bp), which is a homologue of p380 (De Pace
et al. 1992), were analyzed by C-banding and sequential dual-color
FISH in Dasypyrum villosum. The 18S-5.8S-25S rDNA loci probed
with a wheat clone pTa71 were localized on 1VS and the 5S rDNA loci
probed with a wheat clone pTa794 were visualized on 5VS, according to
the C-banding pattern of Friebe et al. (1987). Homologues of the p380
family were localized on subtelomeric regions of both arms of
Dasypyrum chromosomes except for 7V.
K. Kato and Y. Watanabe (Fac Agr, Okayama Univ)
Genetic differentiation in common wheat, revealed by the analysts
of several complementary genes for worldwide collection of wheat
landraces
Hybrid weakness, such as necrosis, grass clump dwarfhess and
partial pollen sterility, is known to be controlled by complementary
genes (Ne, D, Ki genes) in common wheat. The frequency of
D2 proved to be ca. 30%-40% in areas from Turkey to western
part of China. It was high in Europe (ca. 50%), and extremely low in
eastern part of China and Japan (ca. 6%). Similar geographical
variation was also observed for Ki genes. It was therefore
suggested wheat spread to the Far East had been genetically
differentiated from those in Central Asia and western areas.
K. Murai1* and Y. Ogihara2
(1Dept Biosci, Fukui Pref Univ, 2Kihara
Inst Biol Res, Yokohama City Univ; *murai@fpu.ac.jp)
Genetic system of photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility
in wheat
Triticum aestivum cv. Norin 26 (N26) with Aegilops
crassa cytoplasm shows photoperiod- sensitive cytoplasmic male
sterility (PCMS); this alloplasmic line exhibits homeotic
transformation of stamens into pistil-like structure (pistillody)
when grown under the long-day conditions (>15 h light). On the
other hand, wheat cultivar, Chinese Spring (CS) has
fertility-restoring gene, Rfd1, on the long arm of chromosome
7B, which prevents inducing pistillody caused by Ae. crassa
cytoplasm. Alloplagmic lines of CS ditelosomic 7BS ((c)-CSdt7BS)
lacking Rfd1 exhibits complete pistillody under any light
conditions, whereas CSdt7BS with wheat cytoplasm has, normal stamens.
These results indicate that Ae. crassa cytoplasm causes male
sterility to wheat under any condition of photoperiod, and
hypothetical suppressor gene which suppresses the action of Rfd1
gene under long-day conditions should be involved in PCMS
induction in alloplasmic N26.
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