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Discussion
The results of organelle DNA analyses are summarized in
Table1.
According to the obtained data sex crosses between wheat with rye
cytoplasm, and wheat varieties can result in the production of new
combinations of cytoplasmic genes:
1. Wheat ct DNA, but alternated nit DNA (line 96)
2. Ct and mt DNA of an alternated type (hybrid population 555, L1
and L2 lines)
3. Ct DNA of an alternated type, but mt DNA of rye type (L3)
4. Paternal inheritance of ct and mt DNA (Ld1, Ld2 and Ld3
lines).
Paternal inheritance of organelle DNAs was a strange fact of the
present study. The explanation of this phenomenon is not clarified
until more detail analysis of a great number of lines isolated from
hybrids or alloplasmic lines with rye cytoplasm is carried out. A
preliminary hypothesis could be drawn at present time as follows;
mainly the progenies of plants having wheat organelle DNA or plant
with wheat organelle DNA restriction sites were selected for the
analyses because such plants had more vigour as result of the
interactions between the nucleus and cytoplasmic genes.
This hypothesis was confirmed by our observations of the alloplasmic
line and its hybrids under field conditions. The plants of
(cereale)-Lt62 had shorter stems, smaller ears and fewer seeds
to propagate than the euplasmic line. However, the majority of plants
from F2 hybrids had the vigor similar to wheat varieties
used as pollinators. Not only "powerful", but "weak" plants were used
for developing lines. However, it was very difficult to get enough
seeds from "weak" plants for the analysis.
Although reasons of mt and ct DNA alterations are not known the
present study had demonstrated the possibility to develop wheat lines
with new combination of organelle DNAs.
The authors wish to express their gratitude to Ph. dr. 0. Semenov
(Moskow) who provided them with wheat alloplasmic lines Lt62, 92 and
96 and also to Mrs. Galina Martys who helped them in translation of
this text.
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