(go
to KOMUGI Home) (go
to WIS List) (go
to NO.75 Contents)
Wheat Information
Service
Number 75: 7-13 (1992)
Structural
alterations of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA in progenies of the
alloplasmic wheat with rye cytoplasm
0. G. Davydenko, A. Y. Terekhov and N. S. Fomchenko
Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Byelarus Academy of Sciences
Minsk, Byelarus
Summary
Comparative study of the mt and ct DNA digestion patterns with
BamHI and EcoRI was carried out in alloplasmic wheat with
rye cytoplasm and its progenies produced from individual
selfpollinated plants and hybrids with two wheat varieties using as
males. Variations of organelle DNA from maternal ones were found in
hybrid progeny of the alloplasmic lines with wheat varieties as
following fasions: modification both in mt and in ct DNA;
modifications only in mt DNA and ct DNA of wheat type; modified ct
DNA and mt DNA of the rye type and both mt and ct DNA of the wheat
type. Biparental inheritance of organelle DNA was supposed. The
structural alterations provides the development of wheat lines with
new combination of cytoplasmic genes.
Introduction
Investigations of alloplasmic wheat lines have shown the importance
of cytoplasmic genes for plant productivity (Tsunewaki 1980,
Ponayotov 1983, Maan 1979). Alloplasmic lines as model systems have
some limitations both for more detail study on the nucleo-cytoplasmic
interactions and for application of positive cytoplasmic effects in
plant breeding. The limitations are; difficulties of distinguishing
between chloroplast and mitochondrial gene effects on plant
characters, and impossibility of new combinations or recombinations
of organelle DNAs due to their strict uniparental plasmagene
inheritance.
A part of these problems can be solved by somatic hybridization
(Gleba et al 1985). However, researchers are limited by choosing
agricultural crops in which protoplast fusion followed by
regeneration is possible.
It is known some cases of biparental inheritance of plastid genes in
Antirrhinum majus (Dier 1967) and Secale cereale (Frost
et al 1970) or mt DNA barley and rye hybrids (Saliman et al 1987)
although normally these species have maternal inheritance of
plasmagenes.
The present study is conducted to determine polymorphism of mt and ct
DNA among individual hybrids and selfpollinated progenies of the
alloplasmic wheat with rye cytoplasm.
Materials and methods
The materials for the present study comprised alloplasmic wheat
with genome of Luteseense 62 variety and rye cytoplasm of Viatka
variety -- (cereale)-Lt62, BC6, two selfpollinated lines (92
and 96) received from this population, hybrid 555 -- F6
(cereale)-Lt62 x (10D2 x Lenigradka), three lines L1, L2 and
L3 received from hybrid F2 (cereale)-Lt62 x
Leningradka, three lines Ld1, Ld2 and Ld3 received from hybrid
F2 (cereale)-Lt62 x Ledovka. F6 seeds
were used in L and Ld lines. Pedigrees of these lines described in
Table
1. Seeds of rye
(Vyatka, Chulpan, Polycrossnaja, Voskhod) and wheat (Lutescens 62,
Leningradka, Ledouka) varieties including parental ones were used for
comparison.
For isolation of mt DNA, 5-6 day old etiolated seedlings were used
(Wilson and Chourey 1984), and for that of ct DNA, 7-10 day old
seedlings grown under light (Bookjans et al 1984). Purified mt DNA
and ct DNA were restricted by EcoRI and BamHI, and
their restriction patterns were analyzed after conducting
gel-electrophoresis.
-->Next
(go
to KOMUGI Home) (go
to WIS List) (go
to NO.75 Contents)