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Results and
discussion
Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among
genotypes, periods and bags. This corroborates the earlier
observations of Odiemah (1986) and Madan et al (1989). Based on
average germination (%) it appears that S 308, in general, could be
stored safely for relatively longer period without much loss of seed
germinability. Considerable reduction in germination figured after 12
months storage among varieties, C 306, WH 283, WH 416 and WH 147
particularly in G and F conditions. The loss in germination continued
in subsequent observations too (for brevity data is presented upto 21
months storage; Table
2). Loss in
germination was highest in C 306 followed by WH 147 and WH 283 after
21 months. Similarly, such a loss was shown by HD 2009 after 15
months of storage and S 308 maintained above 80% germination even
after 21 months except in gunny bags. On overall basis loss in
germination was significantly lower in polyethylene bags than gunny
and fertilizer bags. Loss of seed germinability was maximum and quick
in all the varieties having high germ oil percent, eg, C 306, WH 147
and WH 283 (Mayer and Poljakoff-Mayber 1982). Degree of unsaturation
of fatty acids might also be implicative in loss of germinability in
such cases (Mayer and Poljokoff-Mayber 1982). The rapid deterioration
in gunny bags could be due to cumulative effects of high humidity and
high temperature which increases fungal attack, membrane damage and
respiration as compared to other options (Mayeux et al 1970, Roos and
Manalo 1971).
Reduction in germination in accelerated ageing test also varied from
variety to variety. Similar observations were recorded by Madan et al
1989. Following the accelerated ageing treatment, the pattern of
reduction in germination in all the six varieties was similar to that
of ambient storage conditions in polyethylene bags for 21 months.
Thus three important conclusions emanate from this study. Variation
for storability exist among wheat genotypes. AA test can be used for
the prognosis of variety specific storability. Polyethylene bag is
more suitable in each case and cost effective method of storing seeds
in ambient conditions as it minimizes reduction in germination
effectively against the syndrome of abiotic factors causing ageing
stress.
References
Anonymous (1985) International rules for seed testing. Seed Sci
& Technol 13: 299-513
Madan S, Talwar G, Behl RK and Verma U (1989) Effect of accelerated
ageing on germination, seedling vigour and beta-amylase activity in
wheat. Res & Dev Reporter 6: 48-54
Mayer AM and Poljakoff-Mayber A (1982) The germination of seed. 3rd
Ed. Pergamon Press Ltd. Headington Hill Hall. Oxford OX3 OBW.
England. 10-37
Mayeux MM, Esphani T, loewer O and Johnson DB (1970) Preserving
germination quality in stored soybean. Fld Crop Abst 1971, 24: 481
No.3566
Odiemah M (1986) Germinability and vigour of wheat seed comportment
at different periods of storage. 21st ISTA Congress, Brisbane. July
10-19, 1986. Preprint No. 6.
Purkar X, Mehra RB and Banerjee SK (1980) Seed ageing induced
variability in quantitative characters of Pea and Wheat. 19th ISTA
Congress, Preprint No. 60.
Roos EE and Manalo JR, (1971) Testing vigour of beans following
unfavorable storage conditions. Hort Sci 6: 347-348.
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