(go to
KOMUGI Home) (go
to WIS List) (go to NO.92
Contents)
T. Ban (Biol Resour Div, Japan Intern Res Cent Agr Sci
(JIRCAS); tomohiro@affrc.go.jp)
The status and future prospect of studies on resistance to
Fusarium head blight in wheat
In recent years, considerable emphasis has been laid on the
improvement of resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat. It is
essential to study the genetics of the resistance, including the
identification of the genes for resistance to FHB in several gene
pools, so that different genes can he combined to improve the overall
resistance of wheat. Furthermore, the genetics of resistance to FHB
to develop FHB-resistant wheat has been required to examine,
indicating the relationship between the characteristics of FHB and
resistance mechanisms in wheat. The emphasis laid on the genetics and
breeding of resistance to FHB was examined.
Kaz. Nodal*, N. Kawakami2 , E.
Himi1, S. Utsugi1 and A.
Yanagisawa3 (1RIBR, Okayama Univ,
2Dept Agr, Meiji Univ, 3Kitami Agr Exp Stan;
*knoda@rib.okayama-u.ac.jp)
Recent studies on preharvest sprouting in wheat
Physiological studies on seed dormancy indicated that embryo
sensitivity to ABA played an important role in the mechanism of seed
dormancy. Our genetic analysis of embryo sensitivity to ABA showed
that chromosome 4 of wheat, especially long arm of 4A, carried
gene(s) for embryo sensitivity to ABA. Recent studies on ABA
insensitive (ABI) mutants of Arabidopsis showed that ABI1
and ABI2 were protein phosphatase, ABI3 homologous
to Vp1 of maize was a transcription factor and ABI4 and
ABI5 were transcription factors similar to apetala2 and
bZIP respectively. ABI3, ABI4 and ABI5 were
suggested to be in the same ABA signal pathway that were different
from the pathway constituted of ABI1 and ABI2. Vp1 was
expressed earlier during seed development than the period of dormancy
formation. At present, wheat genes similar to ABI4 and ABI5
are candidates responsible for the development of wheat seed
dormancy.
M. Furusho (Fukuoka Agric Res Cent.,
furusho@farc.pref.fukuoka.jp)
Breeding barley for yellow mosaic disease (BaYMV) resistance,
present and future
Barley yellow mosaic disease caused by barley yellow mosaic virus
(BaYMV) is the most important disease in Japan as well as in Europe,
China and South Korea. Utilization of resistant cultivars to this
disease is the most efficient method to prevent agronomic losses.
Although some resistance genes have been identified, evaluation of
the resistant genetic stocks and detection of other resistance genes
are essential because the virus strains were characterized in the
current studies. This study showed the breeding barley for BaYMV,
analyzing the new resistance gene(s), production of lines with two
resistance genes and future for the resistance breeding.
T. Makino (Dept Plant Breed, Natl Agr Res Cent;
makinot@nare.affrc.go.jp)
A dominant semi-dwarf mutant for hybrid breeding and its genetic
analyses in barley
A dominant semi-dwarf mutant was induced by sodium azide
treatment in barley. This mutant was found as homozygous genotype in
M1 generation. Genetic analyses indicated that this mutant is
controlled by single incomplete dominant gene. It was suggested that
this mutation event occurred in a single apical cell with somatic
chromosome pairing. Effect of mutant gene on shortening spike length
was small and on heading date was none. Expression of the gene was
different from that of other mutants previously reported (Falk 1994;
Kurauchi et al. 1996, 1998).
<--Back | -->Next
(go to
KOMUGI Home) (go
to WIS List) (go to NO.92
Contents)