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Wheat Information Service
Number 77: 29-32 (1993)
Studies on the
male sterility in wheat (Triticum aestivum) induced by two new
chemical hybridizing agents; EK and ES
F.Zhao, H.Li,
Z.Bai, Z.Guo and L.Sun
Hebei Dry Farming Institute, Hengshui, 053000, China.
Summary
Experiments about the effect on male sterile (MS) induced by two
chemical hybridizing agents (CHA) EK and ES have been made for
successive six years. The results were as follows:
1. EK and ES were two ideal CHAs on wheat. 95 - 100% MS and 80% more
seed set (SS) could be got by spraying of 7,000 ppm for EK or 6,000
ppm for ES, during the pollen mother cell stage to meiotic stage
under the dosage of 1,350 kg/ha.
2. The two CHAs were two wide-spectrum gametocides. The average MS of
70 genotypes treated with them was over 95%, in which only several
cultivars showed different results suggesting that different
genotypes maybe have a different response.
3. The two CHAs have a side effect on the plant height as well as on
the length of last internode, that is, shorting of them after
spraying.
Introduction
Fourteen chemical hybridizing agents (CHAs) have been reported in
nearly 30 years (Roell 1971, Tschahold 1988 and Liu 1990), but from
the practial pointview they do not have the properties of low cost,
no remnant poison, no air polution, good MS and good SS, etc,
(Li1989). So the hybrid developed by CHA has not been extensively
used in wheat production (Johnston 1985). Hebei Hybrid Wheat Research
Associated Team (HHWRAT) has started this work since 1987 during
which two new CHAs, EK and ES were successfully developed, which gave
very satisfied results in field. This paper discusses their utility
value in order to open up a new approach of hybrid wheat.
Materials and methods
1. Experiment times and locations: 37o44' N,
115o42' E) and field utilization was made in hybrid wheat
seed production station in Louzi village, Zaoqiang county, from 1987
to 1992.
2. Sprayer: Gongnong-16 model.
3. Tested genotypes: All the genotypes used in this experiment were
from our breeding, nursery and from the Germplasm Research Group of
our institute whose heading date are more similar, but other
characters vary very much.
4. CHA: Chemicals (EK and ES) were from HHWRAT (Patent No.
92103773.2).
5. Spraying dosage and method: The dosage used in the whole test was
1,350 kg/ha and the spraying speed, 3.5 km/hr under which three
replicated spraying was made. Equal amount of water was sprayed on
check.
6. Plot area: The plots area of spraying time and concentration tests
were 50 (10 x 5)m2, others were 100 (20 x 5)m2,
Male plots were equal to the sprayed plots.
7. Sampling: Every ten heads from main stems were randomly collected
to examine the spike differentiation stage under light microscope and
calculated for the male sterility (MS) and seed set (SS) of the
females. The heads of females were bagged after heading for MS
counting. The formular used in this calculation was:
MS/SS %
= {Sigma(Seeds
from basal floret)}/{Sigma(basal floret)}
x 100
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