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Materials and methods
The test line J-11 was selected from a Chinese common wheat
landrace (Triticum aestivum L.), Sichuan White Wheat complex,
by Luo et al (1990). The crossability of this line with rye is close
to 100%. Two sets of monosomic lines, Abbondanza and Chinese Spring,
were used in the monosomic analysis. From each monosomic line, two or
three monosomic plants were pollinated with J-11. Three to five
monosomic and at least one disomic plants were mitotically selected
from each F1 population. The selected F1 plants
were then pollinated with rye (Secale ceraele L. cv.
Qinling).
Number of seed-set per spike was counted 20 days after pollination.
The crossability of a test line with rye was represented by the
average percentage of seed set of all the spikes pollinated of that
line. The crossability of each spike was converted to angle and the
converted data were then subjected to analysis of variance.
For cytological checking of the chromosome numbers,
pollen-mother-cells (PMCs) or root-tip cells were fixed with a 3:1
(95% ethanol-glacial acetic acid) solution and then stained by
Feulgen procedure.
Results
Analysis by using Abbondanza monosomic lines
Monosomic analysis of the J-11 line with Abbondanza monosomic
lines showed that all the disomic F1 plants had very low
crossability with rye (an average of 2.1 %). This results suggested
that cultivar Abbondanza carried only the Kr alleles on all
the corresponding loci. On the other hand, the crossabilities of the
monosomic 1A, 5A,and 5B F1 plants were 53.0%, 36.1% and
56.9%, respectively (Table1).
The analysis of variance for the crossabilities of the F1
monosomic plants indicated significant diffrences within the
monosomic 1A, 5A, 5B and 5D lines and also between these monosomic
F1 lines and the remaining monosomic F1 lines
(Table
2). No
significant difference was observed within the remaining monosomic
F1 lines. The effects of chromosomes 1A, 5A and 5B on the
wheat-rye crossability were observed to be significantly greater than
any other chromosomes. The effect of chromosome 5B was observed to be
greater than chromosome 5A. The effect of chromosome 1A was not
significantly lower than either chromosome 5A or 5B. The data also
showed that the effect of monosomic 5D F1 line was greater
than that of disomic F1 line at the 0.10 significant
level.
Analysis by using Chinese Spring monosomic lines
Since Chinese Spying carries only the kr alleles, all the
F1 lines from the crosses between J-11 and Chinese Spring
monosomic lines had good crossabilities with rye as expected
(Table1).
However, the analysis of variance showed that significant differences
did exist between lines (Table
2). On the other
hand, no significant defference was observed within F1
monosomic IA, 5A and 5B lines. The wheat-rye crossability of the
F1 monosomic 5D line was found to be significantly
different from those of the F1 monosomic 1A, 5A and 5B
lines at the 0.05, 0.01 and 0.10 significant levels, respectively.
These results indicate that chromosomes 1A, 5A and 5B of the J-11
line a pparently had greater influence on the crossability with rye
than other chromosomes did. The crossabilities of the F1
monosomic 1A, 5A and 5B lines were obviously lower than those of the
other F1 lines. This result suggests that hemizygous
kr
alleles might be less
effective than homozygous kr
alleles. On this
aspect, the effect of chromosome 5A was reduced larger than those of
chromosomes 1A and 5B, and chromosome 5B was less effective than
chromosome 1A.
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