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With further improvement, of
our breeding program, new varieties of high genetic yield potential
were developed, suited to various agro-ecological conditions of
production, which is exceptionally important for their spread not
only in this, but also in some neighbouring countries, in which some
are registered (Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Italy etc.). Those
varieties are Super Zlatna, Sana, Zagrepcanka 2, and Lonja of which
Zagrepcanka, and Sana in particular have been increasingly accepted
in agricultural practice. In 1985, those Zg-selections accounted for
69.9% of acreages in Croatia and 30% of acreages in Yugoslavia. Among
them, Super Zlatna and Baranjka dominated and they occupied
approximately 50% of acreages (data published in "Privreda",
1985).
After 1985, a share of Zg-varieties among those sown was somewhat
reduced. However, through a network of large- and small-scale trails,
observation trials, performance trials and some other, our new
breeding materials were tested throughout the country. Thus, soon
after that, in 1987, 1988 and 1989 our new high-yielding winter wheat
varieties were registered. They are: Marija, Zagrepcanka, Adriana,
Irena, Dijana, Biljana and Marina, varieties that have been
increasingly grown in wide agricultural practice within and outside
the country. Some are registered abroad, such as Zagrepcanka in
Hungary in 1983, Adriana in 1987 and Korona in 1988.
A variety represents a basic, or number one factor in wheat
production. If we know that a share of a variety in the yield of a
high-yielding genotype makes about 50%, then the possibilities for
increasing yield and quality by introducing new high-yielding
varieties into wide practice are obvious.
A growing interest in high-yielding wheats with improved quality is a
stimulus to breed such varieties that will meet the demands of the
market. Variety Marija is precisely one of the newly released
Zg-selections which presents a marked progress in improvement of
relationship between yield and quality. During the process of
breeding, positive agronomic traits such as high yielding and
improved grain and flour quality were combined in it. Those traits
were recognized already during the testings in large-scale trials at
several locations and years. That is the reason for its growing
expansion, a variety suited to intensive production. Its protein
content is up to 14% or even more than that, and sedimentation value
is above 40 ml. Therefore, it belongs to 1st quality class and
sub-group A2-B2. The same applies to Sana, a variety spread on wide
area, which, apart from high yielding ability possesses good quality
of kernels and flour.
Our new Zg-varieties of winter wheat increasingly appear on wheat
fields throughout the country and their share among the varieties
seeded is noticeable. Marija and Sana especially stand out, though
the other such as Adriana, Zagrepcanka, Irena, Dijana as well as
Biljana and Marina, which are just at the begining of their spread,
do not fall behind those. Our agricultural practice is being offered
through a network of trials, an array of our new lines that are still
in the process of registration. In normal years and when planted
within optimal terms (October 10-25) Zg-varieties achieve mean yields
between 7 and 8 t/ha of dry kernels and even more than that, with
their genetic yield potential being far higher than that, over 10
t/ha.
The experts of this Institute are working on development of even
better varieties with high yield capacity, good quality and resistant
to diseases. Therefore, we are expecting to have, in the future,
varieties with even better characters, more yielding, with improved
quality and resistant to diseases.
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