Gene symbol |
Class |
Synonyms |
Chromosomes |
Germplasms |
Level1 |
Level2 |
Level3 |
Level4 |
R-A1
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R2 |
3AL |
v:Rio Blanco,ma:(Proximal) Xpsr483(Cxp1)-3A - 28 cM - R-A1 - Xpsr904-3A {370} (distal),ma:Xwmc559-3A - 16.3 cM - R-A1/Xgwm155-3A - 4.5 cM - Xwmc153-3A |
Comment:
|
R-A1a
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
|
|
ma:Based on Tamyb10-A1 sequences this allele in CS lacks the ability to bind DNA due to deletion of the first half of the R2 repeat of the MYB domain,ma:The R-A1a allele in Norin 17 has a 2.2 bp insertion in the second intron that appears to prevent transcription |
Comment:
|
R-A1a R-B1b R-D1b
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R3,R1 |
|
v:Fenman,v:Kharkov,v:Norman,v:Pastiche,v:Riband,v:Sperber,v:Squadron,v:Urban |
Comment:
|
R-A1b
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R2 |
|
i:Novosibirskaya 67*9/Solo,v:Baron,v:Diamant 2,v:Hustler,v:Norin 10- Brevor, 14,v:Maris Widgeon,v:Mercia;,v:Motto,v:Red Bobs,v:Sapphire,v:Slejpner,v:Talent,v:Wembley |
Comment:
|
R-A1b R-B1a R-D1b
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R2,R1 |
|
v:Bezostaya 1,v:Brigand,v:Broom,v:Brock,v:Kronjuwel |
Comment:
|
R-A1b R-B1b R-D1a
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R2,R3 |
|
v:Red Chief,v:Avalon,v:Bersee; Cappelle Desprez; Feuvert; Mission; Parade; Rendezvous; Yuri |
Comment:
|
R-A1b R-B1b R-D1b
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R1,R2,R3 |
|
v:Bowie; Frondoso,v:Frontiera,v:Hope,v:Japanese Bearded,v:Kanred,v:Lin Calel |
Comment:
|
R-B1
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R3 |
3BL |
ma:Xbcd131-3B - 5 cM - R-B1 - 5 cM - Xabc174-3B,ma:Xwmc29-3B - 5 cM - R-B1 - 5 cM - Xbarc84-3B,ma:Xgwm4010-3B - 1.6 cM - R-B1 - 4.6 cM - Xgwm980-3B |
Comment:
|
R-B1a
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
|
|
ma:Based on the Tamyb10-B1 sequence this allele in CS has a 19 bp deletion of the CCG repeat region causing a frameshift mutation |
Comment:
|
R-B1b
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R3 |
|
i:Novosibirskaya 67*9/k-28536,v:Canon,v:Dollar,v:Grana,v:Supreme |
Comment:
|
R-D1
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R1 |
3DL |
v:CS,ma:Xbcd131-3D cosegregation with R-D1 - 15 cM - Xabc174-3D,ma:Xgwm2-3D - 15.4 cM - R-D1 - 3.2 cM - Xgwm4306-3D |
Comment:
|
R-D1a
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
|
|
ma:No Tamyb10-D1 sequence was detected in lines with this allele indicating that it may be a deletion |
Comment:
|
R-D1b
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
R1 |
|
i:Novosibirskaya 67*9/CS,v:Alexandria,v:Apollo,v:Axona,v:CS,v:Dwarf A,v:Fortress,v:Jerico,v:Longbow,v:Luna,v:Mardler,v:Maris Huntsman,v:Minaret,v:NFC 75/93/27A; Rapier,v:Pawnee,v:Voyage,v:Vuka |
Comment:
|
R-N1
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
|
3N |
su:CS/Ae. uniaristata |
Comment:
|
R-R1
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
|
6RL |
ad:Holdfast/King II |
Comment:
|
R-V1
|
Red Grain Colour |
|
|
|
|
3VL |
ad:Creso/D. villosum |
Comment:
A 3Ag chromosome from decaploid Ag. elongatum carries an allele for red grain colour which was transferred to Agent and the majority of Sears' 3D-3Ae#1 translocations {939}. Other studies have identified wheats carrying either one or two, unidentified R-1 alleles: {056,437,549, 631,654,659,1078,1148,1333,1349,1454,370}. See also Variegated Red Grain Colour.
|
Ra1
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Purple/Red auricles. Purple leaf base/sheath |
|
|
Ra |
1D Gulyeeva,2D |
v:Kenya 58 |
Comment:
|
Ra2
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Purple/Red auricles. Purple leaf base/sheath |
|
|
|
4B |
|
Comment:
|
Ra3
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Purple/Red auricles. Purple leaf base/sheath |
|
|
|
6B |
|
Comment:
|
Rc-A1
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Red/purple coleoptiles. |
|
|
Rc |
7AS3 |
dv:PAU14087,ma:Xcfa2174-7AS - 11.1 cM - Rc-A1 - 4.3 cM - Xgwm573-7A/Xwmc17-7AL |
Comment:
|
Rc-A1a
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Red/purple coleoptiles. |
|
|
Rc1, R |
7A,7AS |
s:CS*6/Hope 7A,v:Hope Rc-B1a,tv:T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides acc. MG4343,ma:Pan2 - 9.2 cM - Rc-A1 - 12.2 cM - Xutv1267-7A(proximal),ma:Rc-A1(distal) - 11.9 cM - Xgwm913-7A |
Comment:
|
Rc-B1
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Red/purple coleoptiles. |
|
|
|
|
|
Comment:
|
Rc-B1a
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Red/purple coleoptiles. |
|
|
Rc2, R2 |
7B,7BS |
s:CS*6/Hope 7B,v:Hope Rc-A1,ma:Xgwm263-7B - 26.1 cM - Rc-B1 - 11.0 cM - Xgwm1184-7B |
Comment:
|
Rc-D1
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Red/purple coleoptiles. |
|
|
|
|
|
Comment:
|
Rc-D1a
|
Anthocyanin Pigmentation |
Red/purple coleoptiles. |
|
|
Rc3 |
7D,7DS |
v:Gaoyuan 115,v:Mironovskaya 808,v:Tetra Canthatch/Ae. squarrosa var. strangulata RL 5271, RL 5404,v:Tetra Canthatch/Ae. squarrosa var. meyeri RL 5289, RL 5406,v:Sears' T. dicoccoides /Ae. squarrosa = Sears' Synthetic,ma:Rc-D1 (distal) - 3 cM - Xpsr108-7D,ma:Xgwm44-7D - 6.4 cM - Rc-D1 - 13.7 cM - Xgwm111-7D,c:TaMYB-D1 isolated from Gaoyuan 115 was proposed as the candidate gene |
Comment:
Tahir & Tsunewaki{1453} reported that T. spelta var. duhamelianum carries genes promoting pigmentation on chromosomes 7A and 7D and genes suppressing pigmentation on 2A, 2B, 2D, 3B and 6A. Sutka{1444} reported a fourth factor in chromosome 6B and suppressors in 2A, 2B, 2D, 4B and 6A.
|
Rcc1
|
Reaction to Colletotrichum cereale |
|
|
|
|
5AL |
v:Chinese Spring,v:Norin4,v:Shinchunaga,ma:Xbarc165-5A - 1.2 cM - Rcc1 - 12.8 cM Xgwm671-5A - 0.7 cM - Xwmc415-5A |
Comment:
|
Rf1
|
Restorers for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
Restorers for T. timopheevi cytoplasm |
|
|
|
1A,1AS |
v:L22,v:(T. timopheevii/Aegilops squarrosa)// 3*Dirk,v2:T. timopheevii/3* Marquis Rf2,v2:R113 Rf4 |
Comment:
The second gene referred to as Rf4{1619} in the last stock was located in chromosome 7D, but its relationship to Rf2 in {823} is unknown.
|
Rf2
|
Restorers for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
Restorers for T. timopheevi cytoplasm |
|
|
|
7D |
v:T. timopheevii/3*Marquis Rf1 |
Comment:
|
Rf3
|
Restorers for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
Restorers for T. timopheevi cytoplasm |
|
|
|
1B,1BS |
v:R18,v:R9034,v:T. spelta var. duhamelianum,ma:Xcdo388-1B - 1.2 cM - Xabc156-1B,ma:RFLP markers Xcdo442-1B and Xbcd249-1B were found to be associated with Rf3 on 1BS,ma:Mapped as a QTL in the region Xbarc207-1BS - Xgwm131-1BL - Xbarc61-1BL in crosses R18/ND36 and R9034/ND36 |
Comment:
|
Rf4
|
Restorers for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
Restorers for T. timopheevi cytoplasm |
|
|
Rf2 |
6B,1BS |
v:L3,v:(T. timopheevii/Aegilops squarrosa) / 3*Canthatch Rf5,v:R113 Rf1 |
Comment:
|
Rf5
|
Restorers for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
Restorers for T. timopheevi cytoplasm |
|
|
Rf3 |
6D |
v:(T. timopheevii/Aegilops squarrosa)/ 3*Canthatch Rf4 |
Comment:
|
Rf6
|
Restorers for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
Restorers for T. timopheevi cytoplasm |
|
|
|
6AS [T6AL.6AS-6U],6BS [T6BL.6BS-6U] |
tr:Line 2114,tr:Lines 040-5; 061-1,tr:061-4 |
Comment:
Genes Rfc3 in chromosome 6RL and Rfc4 in chromosome 4RL were reported in {225}. Novel Rf genes were identified on 5AL linked to Xcdo786-5A and XksuH1-5A{860}.
|
Rfd1
|
Restorers for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility |
Restorers for photoperiod-sensitive Aegilops crassa cytoplasm |
|
|
|
7BL |
v:Chinese Spring |
Comment:
A different system of restoration occurs in cv. Norin 61 where at least four chromosomes, 4A, 1D, 3D and 5D, appear to be involved {1046}. Several Japanese wheats carry a similar or equally effective gene combination {0335}.
|
Rg-A1
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Rg3 |
1AS |
|
Comment:
|
Rg-A1a
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
|
|
v:TRI 542,v:White glumed genotypes,dv:DV92,dv:G2528 |
Comment:
|
Rg-A1b
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Rg3 |
|
i:Saratovskaya 29*3//F2 CS mono 1/Strela,v:CS/Strela Seln,v:Iskra,v:L'goskaya-47,v:Zhnitsa,v2:Milturum 553 Rg-B1b,v2:Milturum 321 Rg-B1b,v2:Strela Rg-B1b,v2:Sobko & Sozinov,v2:reported a further group of 30 international wheats which, by inference from their Gli-A1 alleles, probably carry Rg-A1b,ma:A linkage order of Glu-A1 - cent - Hg - Rg-A1b,ma:Xgwm1223-1A / Rg-A1 / Hg - 2.2 cM - Xgwm136-1A - 4.2 cM - Xgwm33-1A |
Comment:
|
Rg-A1c
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Bg,Bg(a) |
1A |
i:ANK-22A,i:S29BgHg,s:CS*7/Indian 1A,v:TRI 14341,v2:Sears Synthetic Rg-D1c,dv:G1777,dv:G3116,ma:Rg-A1c(Bg) and Nor9 co-segregated in T. monococcum,ma:Xutv1391-1A (distal) - 3 cM - Rg-A1c(Bg) - 1.6 cM - Hg - 2.4 cM - Gli-A1 (proximal),ma:Xgwm1223-A1 - 0&0.6 cM - Rg-A1c - 4.7&4.6 cM - Xgwm0136-1A,ma:Five of 6 wheats with Rg-A1c possessed a 264bp allele at Xgwm0136-1A,ma:Rg-A1c - 0.7 cM - Xgwm1223-1A |
Comment:
|
Rg-A1d
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Bg(b) |
|
dv:G3116 |
Comment:
At the diploid level Rg-A1c (Bga) and Rg-A1d (Bgb) were determinant and caused a solid black glume and a black line at the margins of the glume, respectively {282}. A single factor for black glumes was reported in diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheats {1347}. Linkage with Hg was demonstrated at all levels of ploidy, indicating a common gene on chromosome 1A; Bg is epistatic to Rg.
|
Rg-B1
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Rg1,Rg |
1B,1BS |
|
Comment:
|
Rg-B1a
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
|
|
v:TRI 542,v:White glumed genotypes,dv:T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides acc. MG4343 |
Comment:
|
Rg-B1b
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Rg1 |
|
s:CS*5/Red Egyptian 1B,v:Diamant I,v:Federation 41,v:Golubka,v:Highbury,v:Red Egyptian,v:T. petrapavlovsky,v2:Milturum 321 Rg-A1b,v2:Milturum 553 Rg-A1b,v2:Strela Rg-A1b,tv:Messapia,tv:Ward,ma:Xutv1518-1B (distal) - 7.7 cM - Rg-B1b - 0.8 cM - Gli-B1 (proximal),ma:Xgwm1078-1B - 1.5 cM - Rg-B1b - 3.1 cM - Xgwm0550-B1,ma:Xutv1518-1B - (distal) - 7.7 cM - Rg-B1b - 0.8 cM - Gli-B1 (proximal),ma:Xgwm1078-1B - 4.6 cM - Rg-B1 - 2.0 cM - MW1B002(Gli-B1) - 4.1 cM - Xgwm550-1B |
Comment:
|
Rg-D1
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Rg2 |
1DL,1DS |
|
Comment:
|
Rg-D1a
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
|
|
v:Novosibirskaya 67,v:L301,v:White glumed genotypes |
Comment:
|
Rg-D1b
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Rg2 |
|
i:Saratovskaya 29*5//T. timopheevii ssp. timoppheevii/T. tauschii,v:ITMI Synthetic W7984,v:Synthetic Hexaploid-11,v:(Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides/Ae. tauschii),v:(Tetra Canthatch/Ae. tauschii var. strangulata RL 5271),v:RL5404,v:(Tetra Canthatch/Ae. tauschii var. meyeri RL5289),v:RL5406,v2:Sears Synthetic Rg-A1c,dv:Aegilops squarrosa accessions,QTL:QRg.ipk-1D was mapped in the Opata/W-7984 (ITMI) mapping population,QTL:Linkage with Gli-D1 implied Rg2. This QTL coincided with a QTL for awn colour, QRaw.ipk-1D,ma:Xpsp2000-1D - 9.3 cM - Rg-D1b - 21.2 cM - Xgwm106-1D,ma:Xgwm1223-1D - 6.6 cM - Rg-D1 / Xksud14-1D - 13.9 cM - Xgwm33-D1,ma:Rg-A1c - 3.9 cM - Xgwm1223-1D |
Comment:
Derived from Ae. tauschii
|
Rg-D1c
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
Brg |
|
i:ANK-23 = Novosibirskaya 67*10/K-28535,v:Golubka,v:K-28535,v:K-40579,v:T. aestivum botanical varieties cinereum, columbina and albiglaucum,ma:Xgwm1223-1D - 1.5 cM - Rg-D1c - 13.1 cM - Xbarc152-1D,ma:Xbarc149-1D - 6.3 cM - Rg-D1c - 26.5 cM - Xbarc152-1D |
Comment:
Brown or smokey-grey phenotype {729}.
|
Rg3
|
Glume Colour and Awn Colour |
Red (brown/bronze/black) glumes |
|
|
|
1AS |
i:Saratovskaya 29*3 //F2 CS mono 1A/Strela,v:CS/Strela Seln,v:Iskra,v:L'goskaya-47,v:L'govskaya-47,v:Zhnitstra,v2:Milturum 553 Rg1,v2:Milturum 321 Rg1,v2:Strela Rg1,v2:Sobko & Sozinov{1405} reported a further group of 30 international wheats which, by inference from their Gli-A1 alleles, probably carry Rg3,ma:A linkage order of Glu-A1 - cent - Hg - Rg3 was reported |
Comment:
Kovel {729} described a brown or smokey-grey glume phenotype in T. aestivum var caesium K-28535. This phenotype was also present in accession K-40579 and botanical varieties cinereum, columbina and albiglaucum. Close linkage to Gli-D1 was shown and a gene designated Brg was assumed to be an allele of Rg2 present in Ae. tauschii and synthetic hexaploid wheats. v: K-28535 {729}. i: ANK-23 = Novosibirskaya 67*10/ K-28535 {729}. A 1B gene controlling red glume colour was mapped in a cross between durum wheat cv. Messapia and T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides acc. MG4343. ma: Xutv1518-1B (distal) - 7.7 cM - Rg1 - 0.8 cM - Gli-B1 (proximal) {9959}.
|
Rht-1
|
Height |
Reduced Height : GA-insensitive |
|
|
|
|
|
Comment:
The Rht-1 homoeoloci are orthologous with the D8 locus in maize and the GAI locus in Arabidopsis. They encode proteins resembling nuclear transcription factors and are involved in sensing gibberellin levels {0019}. Common wheat and durum NIL pairs are listed in {02102}.
|
Rht-A1a
|
Height |
Reduced Height : GA-insensitive |
|
|
|
4A,4AL |
v:Chinese Spring,ma:Xwmc48-4AS - 2 cM - Xgwm610-4A - 1 cM - Rht-A1 - 2 cM Xgpw4545-4AL |
Comment:
All wheats are assumed to be monomorphic. A functional Rht-A1a allele is expressed at a similar level to its orthologues {10923}.
|
Rht-B1
|
Height |
Reduced Height : GA-insensitive |
|
|
|
4B,4BS |
ma,tv:Gai1/Rht-B1b - 1.8 cM - Xpsr622-4B,ma:Co-located with Xbarc10-4B |
Comment:
|
Rht-B1IC2196
|
Height |
Reduced Height : GA-insensitive |
|
|
|
|
tv:T. turgidum var. polonicum IC12195 |
Comment:
|