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Basic Information
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CGSNL Gene Symbol
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GW2
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Gene Symbol Synonym
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OsGW2, OsRING429, RING429, GNL44, OsGNL44
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CGSNL Gene Name
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GRAIN WEIGHT 2
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Gene Name Synonym
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GRAIN WIDTH AND WEIGHT2, Grain width 2, RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase 429, GRAIN NUMBER AND LARGE GRAIN SIZE 44
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Protein Name
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RING-TYPE E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE 429
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Allele
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GW2-A, GW2-B, gw2, gw2-1, gw2-2, gw2-c1, gw2-c2, gnl44
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Chromosome No.
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2
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Explanation
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EF447275. a homolog of Arabidopsis E3 ubiquitin ligase DA2. KC609022-KC609034 (O. sativa and wild rice species, partial cds). PO:0030123: panicle inflorescence. GO:0061630: ubiquitin protein ligase activity. PO:0030123: panicle inflorescence. TO:0001069: cooking quality trait. GO:1901800: positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process. TO:0011008: stigma length.
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Trait Class
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Seed - Physiological traits - Storage substances
Character as QTL - Grain quality
Seed - Physiological traits - Taste
Character as QTL - Yield and productivity
Seed - Morphological traits - Grain shape
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Expression
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Sequence/Locus
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cDNA Accession No.
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AK065504
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MSU ID
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LOC_Os02g14720.1
LOC_Os02g14720.2
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RAP ID
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Os02g0244100
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Links
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Oryzabase Chromosome View
(
IRGSP 1.0
/
Build5
)
RAP-DB
(
IRGSP 1.0
/
Build5
)
Related IDs List (
IRGSP 1.0
/
Build5
)
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INSD Accession List
(Test version)
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-
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Map
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Locate(cM)
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Link map
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Classical linkage map
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References
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Wen Y., Hu P., Fang Y., Tan Y., Wang Y., Wu H., Wang J., Wu K., Chai B., Zhu L., Zhang G., Gao Z., Ren D., Zeng D., Shen L., Dong G., Zhang Q., Li Q., Xiong G., Xue D., Qian Q., Hu J.
Plant Biotechnol. J. 2024 22(4) 915-928
GW9 determines grain size and floral organ identity in rice.
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He L., Chen T., Liang W., Zhao C., Zhao L., Yao S., Zhou L., Zhu Z., Zhao Q., Lu K., Wang C., Zhu L., Zhang Y.
Int J Mol Sci 2024 25(1)
The RING-Type Domain-Containing Protein GNL44 Is Essential for GRAIN SIZE and Quality in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.).
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Mai H., Qin T., Wei H., Yu Z., Pang G., Liang Z., Ni J., Yang H., Tang H., Xiao L., Liu H., Liu T.
Plant Biotechnol. J. 2024 22(4) 833-847
Overexpression of OsACL5 triggers environmentally-dependent leaf rolling and reduces grain size in rice.
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Li Y., Wang W., Hu C., Yang S., Ma C., Wu J., Wang Y., Xu Z., Li L., Huang Z., Zhu J., Jia X., Ye X., Yang Z., Sun Y., Liu H., Chen R.
Int J Mol Sci 2023 24(12)
Ectopic Expression of a Maize Gene <i>ZmDUF1645</i> in Rice Increases Grain Length and Yield, but Reduces Drought Stress Tolerance.
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Liu C., Ma T., Yuan D., Zhou Y., Long Y., Li Z., Dong Z., Duan M., Yu D., Jing Y., Bai X., Wang Y., Hou Q., Liu S., Zhang J.S., Chen S.Y., Li D., Liu X., Li Z., Wang W., Li J., Wei X., Ma B., Wan X.
Plant Biotechnol. J. 2022 20(8) 1470-1486
The OsEIL1-OsERF115-target gene regulatory module controls grain size and weight in rice.
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Wang R., You X., Zhang C., Fang H., Wang M., Zhang F., Kang H., Xu X., Liu Z., Wang J., Zhao Q., Wang X., Hao Z., He F., Tao H., Wang D., Wang J., Fang L., Qin M., Zhao T., Zhang P., Xing H., Xiao Y., Liu W., Xie Q., Wang G.L., Ning Y.
Genome Biol. 2022 23(1) 154
An ORFeome of rice E3 ubiquitin ligases for global analysis of the ubiquitination interactome.
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Gao Q., Zhang N., Wei-Qing Wang, Shao-Yan Shen, Bai C., Xian-Jun Song
Plant Cell 2021 33(10) 3331-3347
The ubiquitin-interacting motif-type ubiquitin receptor HDR3 interacts with and stabilizes the histone acetyltransferase GW6a to control the grain size.in rice.
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Hao J., Wang D., Wu Y., Huang K., Duan P., Li N., Xu R., Zeng D., Dong G., Zhang B., Zhang L., Inzé D., Qian Q., Li Y.
Mol Plant 2021 14(8) 1266-1280
The GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 pathway controls grain size and weight in rice.
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Seo H., Kim S.H., Lee B.D., Lim J.H., Lee S.J., An G., Paek N.C.
Int J Mol Sci 2020 21(6)
The Rice <i>Basic Helix-Loop-Helix 79</i> (<i>OsbHLH079</i>) Determines leaf angle and Grain Shape.
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Li P., Li H., Liu Z., Zhuang Y., Wei M., Gu Y., Liu Y., Sun X., Tang Y., Yue L., Lu L., Luo D., Huang W., Tu S., Wang S.
Rice (N Y) 2020 13(1) 73
Characterization of the 'Oat-like rice' Caused by a Novel Allele OsMADS1Olr Reveals Vital Importance of OsMADS1 in Regulating grain shape in Oryza sativa L.
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Chun Y., Fang J., Zafar S.A., Shang J., Zhao J., Yuan S., Li X.
Rice (N Y) 2020 13(1) 7
MINI SEED 2 (MIS2) Encodes a Receptor-like Kinase that Controls grain size and Shape in Rice.
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Shi C., Ren Y., Liu L., Wang F., Zhang H., Tian P., Pan T., Wang Y., Jing R., Liu T., Wu F., Lin Q., Lei C., Zhang X., Zhu S., Guo X., Wang J., Zhao Z., Wang J., Zhai H., Cheng Z., Wan J.
Plant Physiol. 2019 180(1) 381-391
Ubiquitin Specific Protease 15 Has an Important Role in Regulating grain width and Size in Rice.
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Abbai R., Singh V.K., Nachimuthu V.V., Sinha P., Selvaraj R., Vipparla A.K., Singh A.K., Singh U.M., Varshney R.K., Kumar A.
Plant Biotechnol. J. 2019
Haplotype analysis of key genes governing grain yield and quality traits across 3K RG panel reveals scope for the development of tailor-made rice with enhanced genetic gains.
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Ren D., Cui Y., Hu H., Xu Q., Rao Y., Yu X., Zhang Y., Wang Y., Peng Y., Zeng D., Hu J., Zhang G., Gao Z., Zhu L., Chen G., Shen L., Zhang Q., Guo L., Qian Q.
Plant J. 2019 100(4) 813-824
AH2 encodes a MYB domain protein that determines hull fate and affects grain yield and quality in rice.
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Lee K.H., Park S.W., Kim Y.J., Koo Y.J., Song J.T., Seo H.S.
Botanical Studies 2018 59(1) 23
grain width 2 (GW2) and its interacting proteins regulate seed development in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
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Gong R., Cao H., Zhang J., Xie K., Wang D., Yu S.
Plant J. 2018 94(1) 32-47
Divergent functions of the GAGA-binding transcription factor family in rice.
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Ngangkham U., Samantaray S., Yadav M.K., Kumar A., Chidambaranathan P., Katara J.L.
PLoS ONE 2018 13(1) e0190684
Effect of multiple allelic combinations of genes on regulating grain size.in rice.
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Qin R., Zeng D., Yang C., Akhter D., Alamin M., Jin X., Shi C.
Genes (Basel) 2018 9(6)
<i>LTBSG1</i>, a New Allele of <i>BRD2</i>, Regulates Panicle and Grain Development in Rice by Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Pathway.
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Zhou J., Xin X., He Y., Chen H., Li Q., Tang X., Zhong Z., Deng K., Zheng X., Akher S.A., Cai G., Qi Y., Zhang Y.
Plant Cell Rep. 2018
Multiplex QTL editing of grain-related genes improves yield in elite rice varieties.
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Zhou H., Li P., Xie W., Hussain S., Li Y., Xia D., Zhao H., Sun S., Chen J., Ye H., Hou J., Zhao D., Gao G., Zhang Q., Wang G., Lian X., Xiao J., Yu S., Li X., He Y.
Mol Plant 2017 10(4) 634-644
Genome-wide Association Analyses Reveal the Genetic Basis of stigma exsertion in Rice.
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Yu H., Ruan B., Wang Z., Ren D., Zhang Y., Leng Y., Zeng D., Hu J., Zhang G., Zhu L., Gao Z., Chen G., Guo L., Chen W., Qian Q.
Front Plant Sci 2017 8 486
Fine Mapping of a Novel defective glume 1 (dg1) Mutant, Which Affects Vegetative and Spikelet Development in Rice.
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Du Y., He W., Deng C., Chen X., Gou L., Zhu F., Guo W., Zhang J., Wang T.
PLoS ONE 2016 11(3) e0150458
Flowering-Related RING Protein 1 (FRRP1) Regulates flowering time and Yield Potential by Affecting histone H2B Monoubiquitination in Rice (Oryza Sativa).
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Zhu,T., Xu,P.Z., Liu,J.P., Peng,S., Mo,X.C. and Gao,L.Z.
Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 2014 70 348-361
Phylogenetic relationships and genome divergence among the AA- genome species of the genus Oryza as revealed by 53 nuclear genes and 16 intergenic regions
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Xia T., Li N., Dumenil J., Li J., Kamenski A., Bevan M.W., Gao F., Li Y.
Plant Cell 2013 25(9) 3347-59
The Ubiquitin Receptor DA1 Interacts with the E3 Ubiquitin ligase DA2 to Regulate Seed and Organ Size in Arabidopsis.
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Yan D., Zhou Y., Ye S., Zeng L., Zhang X., He Z.
Sci China Life Sci 2013 56(3) 275-83
Beak-shaped grain 1/TRIANGULAR HULL 1, a DUF640 gene, is associated with grain shape, size and weight in rice.
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Ikeda M., Miura K., Aya K., Kitano H., Matsuoka M.
Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 2013 16(2) 213-20
Genes offering the potential for designing yield-related traits in rice.
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Dixit N., Dokku P., V. Amitha Mithra S., K. Parida S., K. Singh A., K. Singh N., Mohapatra T.
Euphytica 2013 192(1) 55-61
Haplotype structure in grain weight gene GW2 and its association with grain characteristics in rice
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Yang Z., Bai Z., Li X., Wang P., Wu Q., Yang L., Li L., Li X.
Theor. Appl. Genet. 2012 125(5) 1057-68
SNP identification and allelic-specific PCR markers development for TaGW2, a gene linked to wheat kernel weight.
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Li Q,Li L,Yang X,Warburton ML,Bai G,Dai J,Li J,Yan J
BMC Plant Biol 2010 10 143
Relationship, evolutionary fate and function of two maize co-orthologs of rice GW2 associated with kernel size and weight.
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Song,X.J., Huang,W., Shi,M., Zhu,M.Z. and Lin,H.X.
Nat Genet 2007 39(5) 623-630
A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a novel RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase
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DB Reference
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Gramene ID
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-
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Ontologies
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Gene Ontology
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stigma development( GO:0048480 )
proteasomal protein catabolic process( GO:0010498 )
nucleus( GO:0005634 )
protein ubiquitination( GO:0016567 )
negative regulation of cell growth( GO:0030308 )
regulation of cell division( GO:0051302 )
cytosol( GO:0005829 )
cytoplasm( GO:0005737 )
regulation of seed development( GO:0080050 )
ligase activity( GO:0016874 )
zinc ion binding( GO:0008270 )
regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process( GO:0006109 )
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Trait Ontology
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seed size( TO:0000391 )
grain yield( TO:0000396 )
grain width( TO:0000402 )
grain size( TO:0000397 )
grain weight( TO:0000590 )
grain length( TO:0000734 )
1000-seed weight( TO:0000382 )
starch grain synthesis( TO:0002658 )
chalky endosperm( TO:0000266 )
endosperm color( TO:0000487 )
gel consistency( TO:0000211 )
amylose content( TO:0000196 )
endosperm storage protein content( TO:0002653 )
amylopectin content( TO:0000097 )
peak viscosity( TO:0000409 )
breakdown viscosity( TO:0000374 )
panicle length( TO:0000040 )
primary branch number( TO:0000547 )
secondary branch number( TO:0000557 )
filled grain number( TO:0000447 )
stigma exsertion( TO:0000044 )
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Plant Ontology
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aleurone layer( PO:0005360 )
anther( PO:0009066 )
seed development stage( PO:0001170 )
leaf( PO:0025034 )
root( PO:0009005 )
inflorescence( PO:0009049 )
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Related Strains
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Phenotype images
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Last updated
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Oct 16, 2025
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Update info.