Optimization of tissue culture procedures for the transformation of Chinese elite spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties via particle bombardment

Zhi-Qing Zhang, You-Liang Zheng*, Yu-Ming Wei, Ze-Hong Yan and Hong Liu

Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan, 625014, Sichuan, P.R. China

Summary　

Some factors of tissue culture affecting the transformation of Chinese elite spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties via particle bombardment were investigated. Among three explant resources (i.e. immature embryos, mature embryos and immature inflorescences), immature embryos were superior to mature embryos and immature inflorescences. Of the 6 callus induction media, the average frequency of callus induction on MS₂ medium was higher than that of other media. Among the 8 Chinese spring wheat genotypes, Chuannong 16 had the highest callus induction frequency, while Chuanmai 32 had the lowest callus induction frequency. For genotype-medium combinations, the immature embryos of Chuannong 16 cultured on MS₂ had the highest frequency of callus induction (99.3%). Comparison of the differentiation frequencies of media MS₁₀ and MS_10-1, it indicated that MS₁₀ was superior to MS_10-1. There were 5.6% calli derived from immature embryo transient expressed the blue spot of gus gene. These results suggested that the optimization of tissue culture procedures were available for the genetic transformation of Chinese elite spring wheat via particle bombardment.

Key words: wheat, tissue culture, transient expression, microprojectile bombardment

* Corresponding author, E-mail: grmb@sicau.edu.cn