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The RAPD method has been in the past used successfully for the genetic diversity analysis in wheat (Pujar et al. 1999; Castagna et al. 1997; Nagaoka and Ogihara 1997). In this investigation genetic analysis of 17 hexaploid and 10 tetraploid Indian wheat accessions was done. Although investigations on diversity analysis of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat have been reported (Joshi and Nguyen 1993; Pujar et al. 1999; Sun et- al. 1998), no one has analyzed above mentioned Indian tetraploid and hexaploid accessions separately or together. Therefore, this is the first report in which both are analyzed together at the same time.

Of the total amplification products scored in the RAPD analysis of this study, 79.6% were polymorphic and detected varied levels of polymorphism between hexaploid (65.3%) and tetraploid (75.7%) wheat accessions, which is consistent with the findings of Joshi and Nguyen (1993) and Pujar et al. (1999). The genetic distance (GD) values of tetraploid accessions were significantly higher than the GD values of hexaploid accessions. The narrowness of genetic base in the modern improved wheat cultivars is widely accepted and demonstrated by both pedigree (Cox et al. 1986) and molecular analysis (Sun et al. 1996).

The results of this study indicate that RAPD analysis can be used to study the genetic relationship of genotypes, and also to assess the genetic diversity of accessions.

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