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Wheat Information Service
Number 87: 22-26 (1998)
Research article

Chromosomal location of genes controlling final coleoptile length in wheat using chromosome substitution lines

T. Matsui¹, S. Inanaga¹, Y. Sugimoto¹ and N. Nakata<sup>2

1</sup>Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Hamasaka 1390, Tottori 680-0001, Japan
²Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama, Tottori 680-0945, Japan


Summary

Seedling emergence in wheat is closely associated with the final coleoptile length. This association is important when considering cultivars suitable for deep sowing cultivation in and regions. The study reported in this paper was designed to investigate differences in the final coleoptile length among seven selected wheat cultivars and to determine chromosomal locations of genes controlling the final coleoptile length by using Cheyenne disomic substitution lines in Chinese Spring. Differences among cultivars in final coleoptile length were evident. Hongwangmai had the longest coleoptile, while Cheyenne had the shortest. The difference in the final coleoptile length between Chinese Spring and Cheyenne was highly significant. The substitution line 4D had a longer coleoptile than Chinese Spring, while 15 lines had significantly shorter coleoptiles. Four (1A, 4A, 5A and 5B) of the 15 lines showed remarkable reductions in the final coleoptile length. It was concluded, therefore, that the most influential genes controlling the final coleoptile length are located on the 5 chromosomes.

Key words: Cheyenne, Chinese Spring, Chromosome substitution line, Coleoptile, Deep sowing


Introduction

In the and regions, surface soils dry rapidly resulting in a water deficit that constitutes a major constraint to crop production. Crops often suffer serious losses in stand due to poor germination and emergence. To avoid poor germination and/or emergence, crops in the dry regions are sown deeper than those in the wet regions. This sowing method, known as deep sowing cultivation, is made feasible by the relative stability in water content of the deep soil layers. Deep sowing has limitations as it may impair crop emergence (Martin et al. 1976). The limits imposed by sowing depth are, however, different for each crop and cultivar (Kudair and Adary 1982, Martin et al. 1976, Matsui et al. in press). The other studies indicated usual positive correlation between coleoptile length in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and seedling emergence (Feather et al. 1968; Nayyar and Josum 1978). This correlation is more remarkable under deep sowing (Burleigh et al. 1965; Sunderman 1964).

Varietal differences in coleoptile length were reported in many studies (Ashraf and Taylor 1974; Kudair and Adary 1982; Matsui et al. 1998; Nayyar and Josum 1978). Coleoptile length is basically inheritable character and controlled by several genes (Allan et al. 1961; Chowdhry and Allan 1963). In most experiments on inheritance of coleoptile length in wheat, plants were raised under shallow sowing. Furthermore, coleoptile length, and not the final coleoptile length, was referred to in most publications (Allan and Vogel 1964; Allan et al. 1962; Allan et al. 1961; Chowdhry and Allan 1963). In this study, final coleoptile length is defined as the length after which no elongation takes place. The final coleoptile length is more important character than coleoptile length for emergence under deep sowing and is determinant for tolerance to deep sowing.

Inadequate information is available on inheritance and chromosomal location of genes controlling final coleoptile length. Using chromosome substitution lines, this investigation was undertaken to determine the chromosomal locations of the genes controlling final coleoptile length in wheat.

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