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Wheat Information Service
Number 84: 64-69 (1997)
Genetic stocks

Currant list of wheats with rye introgressions of homoeologous group 1
2nd update

R. Schlegel

Institute of Wheat and Sunflower Research, BG-9520 General Toshevo/Varna, Bulgaria


After the first reports on spontaneous wheat-rye chromosome substitutions 5R(5A) by Katterman (1937), O'Mara (1946) and Riley and Chapman (1958), during the past three decades particularly, lR(lB) substitutions and lRS.lBL translocations were described in more than 200 cultivars of wheat from all over the world (Zeller and Fischbeck 1971; Zeller 1972, 1973; Bluethner and Mettin 1973; Mettin et al.1973). Their most important phenotypic deviation from common wheat cultivars is the so-called wheat-rye resistance, i.e. the presence of wide- range resistance to races of powdery mildew and rusts (Bartos and Bares 1971; Zeller 1973), which is linked with decreased breadmaking quality (Zeller et al. 1982), good ecological adaptability and yield performance (Rajaram et al.1983; Schlegel and Meinel 1994). The origin of the alien chromosome was intensively discussed by genetic and historical reasons. It turned out that basically four sources exist_two in Germany, one in the USA and one in Japan. The variety 'Salmon' (IRS. lBL) is a representative of the latter (Tsunewaki 1964) and the variety 'Amigo' (IRS. 1DL) is a representative of the penultimate group (Beronsky et al. 1991; The et al. 1992), while almost all remaining cultivars can be traced back to one or to the other German origin (Zeller 1973; Bluethner and Mettin 1977). There was no doubt so far that the Japanese and the American derivatives differ from one another and from the German sources. Although on two places of Germany_Salzmuende near Halle/S (breeder:Riebesel) and Weihenstephan near Munich (breeder: Kattermann)_wheat-rye crosses were already carried out since the twenties and thirties and independent pedigrees could be fragmentally reconstructed by the few reports left (Bluethner 1992), some authors presumed only one German source (Lein 1975; Moonen and Zeven 1984). For breeding programmes additional recombination within the translocated IRS arm of rye and between the different wheat genetic backgrounds is wished (Mueller et al. 1991a; Lutz et al. 1992). In order to prevent miscrossings and to review the wheat-rye introgressions a second list of the various IRS sources was compiled including some passport data. Because of space limit the year of release, the proof of the introgression, the characteristics of the varieties and the referencesare not included in the paper. They can be obtained from the author by request:
The first list was published by Schlegel, R., U. Vahl, G. Muller, 1994, A compiled list of wheats carrying homoeologous group 1 wheat-rye translocations and substitutions. Ann. Wheat Newslett.,USA, 40:105-117

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