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Because of its high
chlorophyll content, the photosynthetic parenchyma is sometimes
called chlorenchyma. The thickness of chlorenchyma did not show much
variation amongst wheat strains except in Sonalika and UP 301 which
had the thickest cells and the highest yields (Table
2). Even the
cells in the tall wheats which were low yielding were quite thick. It
is likely that in spite of thick cells their yields may be less
because of lodging. Chlorenchyma was absent in the first internode of
all the tall wheats. The strains showing thicker chlorenchyma in
triticales had a higher yield except UPT 72142, which, in spite of
lacking these cells in the first and second internode, was high
yielding. This may be due to the thickest cells in the fifth
internode of this strain.
Vascular bundles occur in two rings in the stems of wheat, triticale
and rye. The number of vascular bundles in the inner ring of first
internode exceeded those of the last internode in all the cases
(Table
3). The inner
ring had more vascular bundles than the outer ring with a few
exceptions. In wheat, the maximum number of vascular bundles were
observed in UP 301 and in all varieties they showed a positive
correlation with yield. The three dwarf varieties had higher number
of vascular bundles than the tall ones and at the same time they were
more productive and lodging resistant. The dwarf triticales had a
higher number of vascular bundles but a tall type UPT 72142 had the
highest value but its yield was lesser than the highest which may be
due to lodging. In general, wheat strains had more vascular bundles
than triticales and ryes. Sowa (1961) in barley, Natr (1964) in
winter wheat and Gobo et al (1972) found a positive relationship
between the number of vascular bundles and lodging resistance.
References
Gobo A, Kubjatko F and Droba A (1971) Pol nohospodastva 17:
817-831.
Johansen DA (1940) Plant microtechnique, McGraw Hill, N York.
Murdy WH (1960) The strengthening system in the stem of maize. Ann. M
O Bot Gdn 67 (3): 205-226.
Natr L (1964) Resistance of lodging and varietal differences in the
anatomical structures of stem in winter wheat. Rostlinna Vyroba 10:
1019-1032.
Sowa W (1961) Investigations on the lodging resistance of straw of
four winter barley varieties. Hodowla Roslin Aklimatyzacja
inasiennictwo 5: 99-115.
Vaidya SM (1956) Morphological characters of shoot and root in
relation to lodging in three varieties of wheat. Ind J Gen 16:
121-123.
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