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Results and
Discussion
Analysis of variance has shown that significant difference in
yield was observed in data of both the crop season (Table
1).
Mixture vs Components:
Among the
component of mixture A of 1979 crop season, wheat variety WL 711
yield significantly higher than mixture A, while HD 2204, WH 147
yielded similar to it. The remaining three components of this mixture
i.e. HD 2177, HD 2122 and HD 2009 were inferior in yield. The result
of 1980 yield test favoured the superior performance of HD 2122 while
the other entries were of as good as the mixture of itself. Among the
components of mixture B, none was superior in yield in both years of
test. Mixture B was significantly superior in yield over IWP 72
(1979) and WL 410 (1980). Mixture 'C' which consisted of 10
components, yielded significantly inferior than HD 2204, WL 711 and
HD 1981 in test of 1979 while in the following year all the
components of this mixture except WL 410 were at par to mixture
yield.
Mixture vs Multifines:
Multiline KML
7406, and KSML 3 showed significantly lower yield than mixture A and
mixture B during the test of 1979 while in the following year the
yield potential of the multilines and mixtures were similar.
Mixtures vs Component
means: The mean
yield of mixture were compared with the mean of their respective
components by working out t-value. As shown in Table
2; the mean yield
of mixture A and mixture B was statistically higher than the mean
yield of their respective components during the test of 1979. Yield
gain up to 12 per cent was recorded in these mixtures. There was no
advantages in mixture C. Mixture B and Mixture C in test of 1980,
showed yield superiority as high as 14.2 per cent over component
means.
It is evident from this study that mixture yield is not, high than
the best adapted genotype. However, yield gain over the component
means is observed which is in accordance with the study of Jensen
(1965), Gustafson (1953), Frey and Maldonado (1967), Clay and Allard
(1969), Shortner and Frey (1979), Shorter (1977), Browning
(1957) and Pandey et al (1978). This finding suggests that varietal
mixture composed from varieties belonging to particular crop
production condition are consistently higher in yield than mixture
composed from varieties of different crop production conditions.
Table 3
shows incidence
(percentage of plants affected) and intensity of black and brown
rusts in respective population of mixtures and their components. It
was observed that mixtures had a clear cut advantage in both years of
testing over its susceptible components viz WL 711, WH 147,
Kalyansona and WL 410. The incidence of black rust in Mixture A was
0-2 per cents with intensity 0-tS as compared to the highly
susceptible compoenent WH 147 with incidence of disease 5-10 per cent
and intensity 10-20S. Similar comparison with other susceptible
components show that disease is checked in mixture. All the mixtures
exhibited less disease suscepitbility than their respecitive
susceptible components. This trend is distinctly discernible for
brown rust as well. Susceptible varieties when mixed in a mixture
population the rust build up is very much reduced in comparison to
their pure stand. Most of the inoculum that falls on the resistant
varieties is further reduced. The reduced rust severity as observed
here are similar to those study of Wolfe and Barrett (1977) with
powdery mildew of barley and wheat mixture studies of Borlaug and
Gibler (1953), Kassem et al (1975) and Barrett (1978).
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