| Results and Discussions It has been now well established that in cereal plants mutagens when applied to plants are inducing mutations in polygenic characters(GAUL 1977 ; LARIK 1978). In the present study morphogically stable mutant strains were characterized an the basic of grain yield per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 grains weight, grain yield per plot, frost resistance, and protein contents in grains, and compared to initial line 2061 (Table 1). Grain yield per spike in all the mutant strains generally displayed mon-significant reduction over line 2061. All the mutants with exception strain 27/81 showed less grain per spike, when compared with line 2061. Means for 1000 grains weight, and grain yield per plot showed significant decrease, as compared to the initial line 2061. In seems neccessary to point out on the mutant 106/81, which produced more grain yield per unit area. The presented results may be releted to those obtained by LARIK (1978), SIDDIQUI et al. (1980), in wheat. RAMANATHA & JOSHI (1976), RAJPUR & MALIK (1982) observed induced comparable variation of yield components in Triticale. After treatment of Triticale cultivar GRZESIK (1980) have selected improved mutants. Phenotipically stable mutants have different characters in the complex of yield components, when compared to line 2061 (Fig. 1), particularly mutant 104/81. Grain quality are usually the primary objectives of Triticale improvment. Two of 12 mutants there were found a higher protein content, than line 2061, namely 216/81, and 316/ 81. Similar results were obtained by SIDDIQUI et al. (1975), and CORPUS et al. (1983) in wheat. The strains of mutant showed decrease frost resistance when compared with line 2061. One of the most important element of the winter Triticale varieties is frost resistance, but we have not selected any form with markedly increased frost resistance yet. It seems that such induced mutation could be successfully exploited for improvment of contemporary Triticale. Literature Cited CORPUS L.M. E.G. HEYNE, and G.M. PAULSEN 1983. Theor. Appl. Genet. 65 : 41-46. GAUL H. 1977. Manual of Mutation Breeding Tech. Report. Series No 119. IAEA Vienna ; 87-90. GRZESIK H. 1980. Hodowla Roslin Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo Tom 24. 2.2 ; 121-168. LARIK A.S. 1978. Wheat Inform. Serv. 48 ; 70-73. LARIK A.S. 1978. Genet. Agr. 32. 237-244. RAJPUR M.M., and A.J. MALIK 1982. Wheat. Infor. Serv. 54 ; 17-19. RAMANATHA V.R. and M.G. JOSHI 1976. Mutation Research 36 ; 85-92. SIDDIQUI, K.A., M.A. RAJPUT and V.A. ARAIN 1975. Naturwissenschaften 62 ; 393. SIDDIQUI, K.A., M.A. RAJPUT V.A. ARAIN, A.G. ARAIN, and K.J. JAFRI 1979, Gamma Field Symposia 18 ; 33-47. |
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