| The F1's between KUSE 2118 (type 2) and Ae. squarrosa
var. typica No. 2 (type 3) showed an intermediate zymogram (Fig.
2-2). In the F2 generation, type 2, the intermediate, and
type 3 segregated to a 1:2:1, ratio as shown in Table
2. Therefore it is concluded that a pair of allelic genes is responsible
for the difference between type 2 and type 3 zymograms. 3) Geographical distribution of the three zymograms The geographical distribution of the three esterase zymograms of Ae. squarrosa along the expedition route is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. It is well known that Ae. squarrosa distributes from the Caucasus to lran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Uzbek S.S.R., and ussally occurs in wheat fields or along field borders. Var. typica has the largest distribution among all varieties, and var. meyeri and var. strangulata distribute within small area along the Caspian Sea coast. The strain having type 1 zymogram was found in Behshar, Iran. This strain belong to var. strangulata. Strains having type 2 zymogram were found in Elburz mountains along the coast of the Caspian Sea. Strains having type 3 zymogram had the widest distribution, though the strains from Pakistan and Afghanistan were all of this type. All strains from eastern Turkey were, also, of this type (Fig. 3). As to the distribution in Caucasus, samples from seven different areas were investigated (Fig. 4), all of which belonged to var. typica. Though the samples from Baku, Azerbaijan were type 3, those of Shemakha (110 km west of Baku) were all type 2. Materials from Yerevan, Armenian S.S.R., exhibited type 3. A mixed population of type 2 and 3 was found in Tbilisi, Georgian S.S.R. A sample from Derbent collected by Dr. Vavilov was type 3. Type 1 was not found in Caucasus. In common wheat, ten esterase zymgorams were found, and chromosomal localization of genes responsbile for the individual isozyme band was previously reported (Nakai 1973). Among the three zymograms found in Ae. squarrosa, type 2 best fits to that of the D genome donor to common wheat. This hypothesis was derived from the results of an investigation with synthesized hexaploid wheats (Nakai unpublished). Many strains of Ae. squarrosa having type 2 zymgoram were found to distribute in Behshar to Pahlavi of Iran. Literature Cited JOHNSON, B.L., 1972. Seed protein and origin of the hexaploid wheats. Amer. J. Bot. 59: 952-960. KIHARA, H. and M. TANAKA 1958. Morphological and physiological variation among Aegilops squarrosa strains collected in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. Preslia 30: 241-251. NAKAI. Y. 1973. Isozyme variation in Aegilops and Triticum. II. Esterase and acid phosphatase isozymes studied by the gel isoelectrofocusing method. Seiken Ziho 24: 45-73. (Received Jan. 24, 1978) |
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