| In Kemshly, Syria (U.A.R.) wild Einkorn was also collected, including
the Thaoudar and intermediate types but none of the aegilopoides
type. It is interesting to note that in the wild population in Kemshly as
well as in Ankara, Sitopsis species of Aegilops such as speltoides
and Aucheri grew mixed with wild Einkorn. When we visited Professor O. Tosun, Ankara University, we were kindly informed that T. monococcum is cultivated in the following districts, viz. Kastamonu (ENN of Ankara), Dursunbey (SW of Bursa), Baklikesir (between Bandirma - Gonen) and others. According to the information, we drove westward from Ankara until we found the wide cultivation of T. monococcum on the hill side in the north of the Apolyont Lake (W of Bursa) and also between Bandirma and Gonen. This species was cultivated single or mixed with oats or barley for the fodder use. Sometimes, however, T. monococcum is used for human food as pilauf. According to a Turkish-German dictionary pilauf is " Bulgur Weizen, der erst aufgekocht, an der Sonne getrocknet und dann zerkleinert wird ". They consume as wheat meal with butter and salt. It was very interesting to see the present cultivation of such primitive type of wheat. The variety has been proved to mature nearly as early as our X-ray induced early mutant of T. monococcum vulgare in Kyoto. 5. Wild Emmer from Syria and Jordan T. dicoccoides (2n =28, genome symbol-AABB) known by the name " Wild Emmer " was found in the skirt area of Mt. Hermon in Syria (U.A.R.) and Jordan. The plants grew sparsely between lime stones. The habitats were:
Specimens collected from the habitat III were full ripe and identified well as T. dicoccoides var. Kotschyanum, one of the most common variety in the area of Mt. Hermon. As the specimens from the habitats I and II were immature, they were not well identified, but glumes of the specimens from Hab. I were known to be pubescent. This is the specific character of var. spontaneovillosum. The plants grew in the wilds next to the durum field in the habitats I and II. An intermediate type between durum and dicoccoides was also found. This is probably the hybrid between the two species occurred in nature. Unfortunately the collected specimens were immature and no seeds were obtained for the progeny test. Percival (1921), stated that T. dicoccoides var. fulvovillosum is the derivative from the hybrid between dicoccoides and durum. Habitat III was the area surrounded by barbed wires which protect from grazing. The wild Emmer was found there in a mixed population with Aegilops, wild rye and wild oats. |
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